Stem Cell Markers

Stem cell biology, the study of mechanisms causing the undifferentiated embryonic or adult stem cells to differentiate, is one of the fastest growing areas in biology today. Cell Signaling Technology's goal is to accelerate stem cell research by developing the highest quality, most rigorously validated antibodies for the study of stem cell markers, epigenetic regulation and stem cell signaling.

Ternary complex of the DNA binding domains of Oct1 (red) and Sox2 (yellow) bound to cognate DNA (in this case a region of the HoxB1 regulatory element).

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New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3195	E-Cadherin (24E10) Rabbit mAb	W, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF-IC	H, M
	3199	E-Cadherin (24E10) Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate)	IF-IC, IF-P, F	H, (M)
	4065	E-Cadherin Antibody	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-IC	H, M, (B)
Lineage: early embryo Stage: blastocyst Description: Cadherins mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion and play critical roles in normal tissue development. E-cadherin is critical for maintenance of pluripotency of ES cells. Loss of E-cadherin results in ES cell differentiation.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3663	CD133 (C24B9) Rabbit mAb	W, IP, IHC-P, F	H
Lineage: early embryo, mesoderm, ectoderm Stage: blastocyst, hematopoietic stem cells, neuronal stem cells Description: Five-transmembrane glycosylated cell-surface protein initially described as a hematopoietic stem cell marker. Also expressed in and used to identify neuronal, cancer and embryonic stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
new	3977	Cdx2 Antibody	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H
Lineage: early embryo, trophoectoderm Stage: blastocyst Description: The Cdx2 transcription factor is a master regulator of the trophoectoderm. Cdx2 is also involved in intestinal development, and has been associated with human malignancies such as Barret Esophagus and colorectal cancer. Mouse embryonic stem cells deficient in Cdx2 display limited hematopoietic progenitor development and altered Hox gene expression. Cdx2 is also implicated in the aberrant expression of Hox genes in human AML cell lines.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2818	Cripto Antibody (Mouse Specific)	W, IP, IF-IC	M
new	2020	Cripto Antibody (Human Specific)	W, IP	H
Lineage: early embryo, ectoderm, mesoderm Stage: neural stem cell, cardiac progenitor Description: Cripto is highly expressed in early embryos, and in embryonic stem (ES) cells where it is involved in cardiomyocytic differentiation and acts as a negative regulator of neurogenesis. Transient activation of Cripto is essential for the capacity of stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency in ES cells, and in some adult derived stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2890	Oct-4 (C52G3) Rabbit mAb	W, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H
	2840	Oct-4 (C30A3) Rabbit mAb	W, IF-IC, F	H, M
	2750	Oct-4 Antibody	W, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H
	2788	Oct-4 (V241) Antibody	W	H, M, (Mk)
Lineage: early embryo Stage: blastocyst Description: Transcription factor expressed in undifferentiated pluripotent embryonic stem cells and germ cells during normal development. Together with Sox2 and Nanog, is necessary for the maintenance of pluripotent potential.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2093	SCF (C19H6) Rabbit mAb	W, IHC-P, F	H
	2273	SCF Antibody	W	H
Lineage: early embryo Stage: blastocyst Description: Mediates biological effects by binding to and activating c-kit. Promotes proliferation of embryonic stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Essential for hematopoiesis, melanogenesis and fertility.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2748	Sox2 Antibody	W, IP	H, M
Lineage: early embryo Stage: blastocyst Description: Transcription factor expressed in undifferentiated pluripotent embryonic stem cells and germ cells during development. Together with Oct-4 and Nanog, is necessary for the maintenance of pluripotent potential.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4744	SSEA1 (MC480) Mouse mAb	IHC-P, IF-IC, F	M
Lineage: early embryo Stage: mouse blastocyst Description: Cell surface marker expressed in mouse and human germ cells, murine embryonal carcinoma and murine embryonic stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4755	SSEA4 (MC813) Mouse mAb	IF-IC	H
Lineage: early embryo Stage: human blastocyst Description: Glycosylated cell surface markers expressed on human embryonic stem cells. Expression observed on undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells during early embryonic development.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4746	TRA-1-60 (TRA-1-60) Mouse mAb	W, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H
Lineage: early embryo Stage: human blastocyst Description: Extracellular matrix molecule synthesized by undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells. Marker for human embryonic stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4745	TRA-1-81 (TRA-1-81) Mouse mAb	IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H
Lineage: early embryo Stage: human blastocyst Description: Extracellular matrix molecule synthesized by undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells. Marker for human embryonic stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3670	GFAP (GA5) Mouse mAb	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-F	H, M, R
new	3656	GFAP (GA5) Mouse mAb (Alexa Fluor® 555 Conjugate)	IF-F	H, M, R
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural stem cell/ ectodermal progenitor Description: Intermediate filament protein found in neuroglial cells. GFAP filaments are characteristic of differentiated and mature brain astrocytes and are also present in non-myelin forming Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. GFAP is commonly used as a marker for intracranial and intraspinal tumors.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4706	Integrin β1 Antibody	W	H, M, R, Mk
Lineage: ectoderm, mesoderm Stage: bulge stem cell/ mesenchymal stem cell Description: Cell-adhesion molecule important in cell adhesion and migration. Marker expressed on mesenchymal stem cells, bulge stem cells and during development of the liver.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2274	MELK Antibody	W, IP	H, M, Dm
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural stem cell Description: Implicated in stem cell renewal, cell cycle progression and pre-mRNA splicing. Marker for neural progenitors.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2154	Musashi Antibody	W, IF-F	H, M, R
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural stem cell Description: RNA-binding protein that regulates the translation of target mRNA during asymmetric cell division of ectodermal precursor cells. Marker for proliferating neural precursor cells. Expressed in epithelial stem cells including intestinal and mammary gland stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	9402	c-Myc Antibody	W, IP	H, M, R, Pg
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural stem cells Description: Oncogene which is a key regulator of stem cell renewal, has been found sufficient to reprogram human and mouse fibroblasts to pluripotent phenotype equivalent to ES cells, potential cancer stem call marker.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3606	NCAM (CD56) Antibody	W	H, M, R
	3576	CD56 (NCAM) (123C3) Mouse mAb	W, IHC-P, F	H
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural stem cell Description: Neural cell adhesion molecule that mediates neuronal attachment, neurite extension and cell-cell interactions. NCAM is a marker for neural stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2421	Cleaved Notch1 (Val1744) Antibody	W, IP	H, M, R, Mk
new	3268	Notch1 (C44H11) Rabbit mAb	W	H, (M, R)
Lineage: ectoderm, mesoderm Stage: neural stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells Description: Transmembrane protein functioning in development and the determination of cell-fate. Notch signaling plays a role in the self-renewal, differentiation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2693	p75NTR Antibody	W	H, R, (M)
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural crest stem cell Description: p75 NTR, also named low affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor, is a type I transmembrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. p75 NTR has been suggested to serve a critical function during the development of neural crest stem cells (NCSCs). Freshly isolated p75NTR+ NCSCs from peripheral nerve tissues can self-renew and generate neurons and glia both in vitro and in vivo. Recently, p75 NTR has been used as a marker to identify keratinocyte stem cells, mesenchymal precursors as well as hepatic stellate cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4119	TWIST1 Antibody	W, IP	H, Mk
Lineage: ectoderm Stage: neural crest stem cell Description: Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that functions as a master regulator of embryonic morphogenesis. Plays essential roles in mesenchymal differentiation and osteogenic determination. Also plays critical role in neural crest formation and is a marker for neural crest stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2149	TAZ Antibody	W	H, M
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: mesenchymal stem cells Description: TAZ is a transcriptional co-activator proposed to modulate the switch between proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) via interaction with transcription factors Runx2 and PPARγ. This process is critical to normal tissue development and the prevention of tumor formation.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2158	VE-Cadherin Antibody	W, IP, IF-IC	H, B
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: hematopoietic stem cell Description: Adhesion molecule expressed in embryonic (not adult) hematopoietic stem cells. Also expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3569	CD34 (ICO115) Mouse mAb	IHC-P, F	H
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: hematopoietic stem cell Description: Transmembrane glycophosphoprotein expressed in hematopoietic skin cells, vascular endothelium and some fibroblasts.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4115	CDCP1 Antibody	W, IP, IF-IC	H
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: hematopoietic stem cell Description: Multidomain membrane glycoprotein highly expressed in some human cancer cells and in both typical and atypical (cancerous) colon. May be epigenetically regulated. Putative hematopoietic stem cell marker.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3074	c-Kit (D13A2) Rabbit mAb	W, IP	H, M
	3392	c-Kit Antibody	W	H
	3308	c-Kit (Ab81) Mouse mAb	W, IP, F	H
	3310	c-Kit (Ab81) Mouse mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate)	IF-IC, F	H
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: hematopoietic stem cell Description: Receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a critical role in cell growth and proliferation in hematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, melanocytes and germ cells. Binding of its ligand (SCF) to c-kit initiates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Hematopoietic stem cell marker.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2266	PU.1 Antibody	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H, M, (Mk, Pg)
	2258	PU.1 (9G7) Rabbit mAb	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H, M, (Mk, Pg)
	2216	PU.1 (9G7) Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate)	F	H, M
	2240	PU.1 (9G7) Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 647 Conjugate)	F	H, M
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: hematopoietic stem cell Description: Member of the Ets family of transcription factors that plays a pivotal role in the differentiation of myeloid cells and lymphocytes. Expressed in several hematopoietic cells including B lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, early erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. Critical for both determination of hematopoietic cell lineage and regulation of differentiation vs. stem cell proliferation.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	4327	Phospho-AML1 (Ser249) Antibody	W, IP, IF-IC, F	H
new	4336	AML1 (D33G6) Rabbit mAb	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-IC, F	H
	4334	AML1 Antibody	W, IF-IC, F	H, Mk
Lineage: mesoderm Stage: hematopoietic stem cell Description: AML1 (also known as Runx1, CBFA2 and PEBP2αB) is a member of the CBF (core binding factor) family of transcription factors. It is required for normal development of all hematopoietic lineages. AML1 is commonly translocated in hematopoietic cancers: chromosomal translocations include t(8;21) AML1-ETO, t(12;21)TEL-AML and t(8;21) AML-M2.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3877	Phospho-Vimentin (Ser56) Antibody	W, IF-IC	H, M, R, Mk
	3878	Phospho-Vimentin (Ser82) Antibody	W	H, M, R, Mk
	3390	Vimentin (5G3F10) Mouse mAb	W, IP	H, Mk
new	3295	Vimentin Antibody	W, IF-IC	H, Mk
Lineage: mesoderm, ectoderm Stage: mesenchymal stem cells/ neural stem cells Description: Intermediate filament protein of the cytoskeleton. Vimentin is used as a mesenchymal and neural stem cell marker.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	2137	AFP Antibody	W, IP	H, M
Lineage: endoderm Stage: Endodermal progenitor cells Description: Glycoprotein found in serum of mammalian fetal liver, yolk sac and GI tract. Expressed during development of the primitive endoderm. Marker for endodermal differentiation from pluripotent stem cells.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
	3113	HNF4α (C11F12) Rabbit mAb	W, IHC-P, IF-IC	H
	3105	HNF4α (E410) Antibody	W	H
	3117	HNF4α (G162) Antibody	W	H
Lineage: endoderm Stage: liver stem cells Description: HNF-4 is a nuclear receptor transcription factor that is used as a marker for the early endoderm and hepatogenesis.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
new	2071	Mili Antibody	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-F	M
Lineage: endoderm Stage: germ stem cells Description: Mili and Miwi are required for the self-renewal of germ-line stem cells and are essential for spermatogenesis in mouse.

New	No.	Antibody	Application	Reactivity
new	2079	Miwi (G82) Antibody	W, IP, IHC-P, IF-F	M
Lineage: endoderm Stage: germ stem cells Description: Mili and Miwi are required for the self-renewal of germ-line stem cells and are essential for spermatogenesis in mouse.

revised October 2008